Oxyocin is simplistically linked to social bonding, yet it also plays a role in social anxiety.

Jaak Panksepp & Lucy Biven (The Archaeology of Mind: Neuroevolutionary Origins of Human Emotions, 2012) wrote …

“Recently, a series of studies have appeared that question even the more level-headed ‘pro-social’ conclusion. For instance, in economic games where one can win or lose to imaginary (computer-based) opponents, if a competitor happens to lose, oxytocin will increase gloating. If the virtual opponent receives more points than you, it increases envy (Shamay-Tsoory et al., 2009). Now this is not very pro-social. Thus, this maternal-behavior facilitating peptide has a prickly side. And when others have tested folks in settings where altruism could be exhibited, the feelings are mixed. It does tend to promote cooperative fellow feelings toward your in-group – your friends – but it does the reverse for out-group strangers, where it increases defensive aggression (De Dreu et al., 2010). These are not the kinds of effects one would expect from a pro-social love molecule.”