“We suggest that free, rather than total, bile acids are the effective damaging agents for colon mucosa, and may represent a risk factor in the development of cancer.”

These scientists would learn WHY if they would access mid-1800s medical books and journals as part of their research.

John Wickham Legg (On the Bile Jaundice and Bilious Diseases, 1880) wrote …

“The earlier observations, both on men and brutes, were all made on bile taken from the gall bladder after death, or as soon as the beasts were slaughtered. Bile, however, which has made a long sojourn in the gall bladder may be looked upon as dead bile. It contains a far larger amount of solid matter, much mucus, and has lost the property of changing starch into sugar.”

“M. Serres states, that, from the observation of 1500 cases of small-pox, he has arrived at the conclusion, that secondary attacks of small-pox are as common after small-pox itself, as after vaccination; that in fact, vaccination has the simple effect of preventing a first attack of small-pox, being merely of the same efficacy in that respect, as an attack of small-pox itself.”